Facts and History of Kazahkstan

Realities and History of Kazahkstan Capital: Astana, populace 390,000 Significant Cities: Almaty, pop. 1.3 million Shymkent, 455,000 Taraz, 398,000 Pavlodar, 355,000 Oskemen, 344,000 Semey, 312,000 Kazakhstans Government Kazakhstan is ostensibly a presidential republic, despite the fact that truth be told, it is a tyranny. The president, Nursultan Nazarbayev, has been in office since before the fall of the Soviet Union, and apparatuses decisions routinely. Kazakhstans parliament has a 39-part Senate, and a 77-part Majilis or lower house. Sixty-seven individuals from the Majilis are prevalently chosen, however competitors come uniquely from star government parties. The gatherings choose the other ten. Every territory and the urban areas of Astana and Almaty select two representatives each; the last seven are named by the president. Kazakhstan has a Supreme Court with 44 appointed authorities, just as locale and re-appraising courts. Populace of Kazakhstan Kazakhstans populace is roughly 15.8 million starting at 2010. Curiously for Central Asia, most of Kazakh residents live in urban zones. Truth be told, 54% of the populace live in urban communities and towns. The biggest ethnic gathering in Kazakhstan is the Kazakhs, who make up 63.1% of the populace. Next are the Russians, at 23.7%. Littler minorities incorporate Uzbeks (2.8%), Ukrainians (2.1%), Uyghurs (1.4%), Tatars (1.3%), Germans (1.1%), and minuscule populaces of Belarusians, Azeris, Poles, Lithuanians, Koreans, Kurds, Chechens and Turks. Dialects The state language of Kazakhstan is Kazakh, a Turkic language, spoken by 64.5% of the populace. Russian is the official language of business and is the most widely used language among every ethnic gathering. Kazakh is written in the Cyrillic letter set, a relic of Russian control. President Nazarbayev has recommended changing to the Latin letter set however later withdrawn the recommendation. Religion For quite a long time under the Soviets, religion was authoritatively restricted. Since freedom in 1991, nonetheless, religion has made a great rebound. Today, just about 3% of the populace are non-adherents. 70% of Kazakhstans residents are Muslim, for the most part Sunni. Christians make up 26.6% of the populace, generally Russian Orthodox, with littler quantities of Catholics and different Protestant divisions. There are likewise little quantities of Buddhists, Jews, Hindus, Mormons and Bahai. Geology Kazakhstan is the ninth biggest nation on the planet, at 2.7 million square kilometers in territory (1.05 million square miles). Around 33% of that zone is dry steppeland, while a significant part of the remainder of the nation is prairies or sandy desert. Kazakhstan verges on Russia toward the north, China toward the east, and Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan toward the south. It likewise verges on the Caspian Sea toward the west. The most noteworthy point in Kazakhstan is Khan Tangiri Shyngy, at 6,995 meters (22,949 feet). The absolute bottom is Vpadina Kaundy, at 132 meters beneath ocean level (- 433 feet). Atmosphere Kazakhstan has a dry mainland atmosphere, implying that winters are very cold and summers are warm. Lows can hit - 20Â °C (- 4Â °F) in the winter and snow is normal. Summer highs can arrive at 30Â °C (86Â °F), which is very mellow contrasted and neighboring nations. Economy Kazakhstans economy is the most advantageous among the previous Soviet Stans, with an expected 7% yearly development rate for 2010. It has solid assistance and mechanical parts, and agribusiness contributes just 5.4% of GDP. The per capita GDP of Kazakhstan is $12,800 US. Joblessness is simply 5.5%, and 8.2% of the populace live underneath the destitution line. (CIA figures) Kazakhstan sends out oil based goods, metals, synthetic substances, grain, fleece, and meat. It imports apparatus and food. The money of Kazakhstan is the tenge. As of May, 2011, 1 USD 145.7 tenge. History of Kazakhstan The region that is currently Kazakhstan was settled by people a huge number of years back, and was overwhelmed by an assortment of roaming people groups over that time range. DNA proof proposes that the pony may have first been trained in this district; apples additionally developed in Kazakhstan, and afterward were spread to different zones by human cultivators. In notable occasions, such people groups as the Xiongnu, the Xianbei, the Kyrgyz, the Gokturks, the Uyghurs and the Karluks have managed the steppes of Kazakhstan. In 1206, Genghis Khan and the Mongols vanquished the zone, administering it until 1368. The Kazakh individuals met up under the administration of Janybek Khan and Kerey Khan in 1465, making another individuals. They applied command over what is currently Kazakhstan, considering themselves the Kazakh Khanate. The Kazakh Khanate went on until 1847. During the mid sixteenth century, the Kazakhs had the prescience to align themselves with Babur, who went on to establish the Mughal Empire in India. By right off the bat in the seventeenth century, the Kazakhs every now and again wound up at war with the amazing Khanate of Bukhara, toward the south. The two khanates battled about control of Samarkand and Tashkent, two of the significant Silk Road urban areas of Central Asia. By the mid-eighteenth century, the Kazakhs were confronting infringement from Tsarist Russia toward the north and from Qing China in the east. So as to fight off the compromising Kokand Khanate, the Kazakhs acknowledged Russian insurance in 1822. The Russians managed through manikins until the demise of Kenesary Khan in 1847â and at that point applied direct control over Kazakhstan. The Kazakhs opposed their colonization by the Russians. Somewhere in the range of 1836 and 1838, the Kazakhs ascended under the authority of Makhambet Utemisuly and Isatay Taymanuly, yet they couldn't lose Russian control. A significantly progressively genuine endeavor drove by Eset Kotibaruli transformed into an enemy of pilgrim war that would last from 1847, when the Russians forced direct control, through 1858. Little gatherings of roaming Kazakh warriors faced running conflicts with the Russian Cossacks, just as with different Kazakhs aligned with the Tsars powers. The war cost many Kazakh lives, regular people just as warriors, however Russia made a few concessions to Kazakh requests in the 1858 harmony settlement. During the 1890s, the Russian government started to settle a great many Russian ranchers onto Kazakh land, separating the field and meddling with customary roaming examples of life. By 1912, in excess of 500,000 Russian homesteads spotted Kazakh lands, dislodging the wanderers and causing mass starvation. In 1916, Tsar Nicholas II requested the enrollment of all Kazakh and other Central Asian men to battle in World War I. This enrollment request started the Central Asian Revolt, where a large number of Kazakhs and other Central Asians were murdered, and several thousand fled to western China or Mongolia. In the mayhem following the Communist takeover of Russia in 1917, the Kazakhs held onto their opportunity to declare their autonomy, setting up the brief Alash Orda, an independent government. Be that as it may, the Soviets had the option to retake control of Kazakhstan in 1920. After five years, they set up the Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Kazakh SSR), with its capital at Almaty. It turned into a (non-self-governing) Soviet republic in 1936. Under Joseph Stalins rule, the Kazakhs and other Central Asians endured awfully. Stalin forced constrained villagization on the rest of the migrants in 1936, and collectivized farming. Subsequently, more than one million Kazakhs passed on of starvation, and 80% of their valuable animals died. By and by, the individuals who had the option attempted to escape into common war attacked China. During World War II, the Soviets utilized Kazakhstan as a dumping ground for possibly incendiary minorities, for example, Germans from the western edge of Soviet Russia, Crimean Tatars, Muslims from the Caucasus, and Poles. What little food the Kazakhs had was extended again, as they attempted to take care of these destitute new-comers. Roughly 50% of the deportees passed on of starvation or illness. After World War II, Kazakhstan turned into the least disregarded of the Central Asian Soviet Republics. Ethnic Russians overflowed into work in industry, and Kazakhstans coal mineshafts helped flexibly vitality to the entirety of the USSR. The Russians additionally constructed one of their significant space program locales, the Baikonur Cosmodrome, in Kazakhstan. In September of 1989, an ethnic-Kazakh government official named Nursultan Nazarbayev turned into the General Secretary of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan, supplanting an ethnic-Russian. On December 16, 1991, the Republic of Kazakhstan announced its freedom from the disintegrating survives from the Soviet Union. The Republic of Kazakhstan has a developing economy, thanks in huge part to its stores of petroleum products. It has privatized a significant part of the economy, however President Nazarbayev keeps up a KGB-style police stateâ and rigs decisions. (He got 95.54% of the vote in April 2011 presidential races.) The Kazakh individuals have made some amazing progress since 1991, however they have some separation to go yet before they are really liberated from the eventual outcomes of Russian colonization.

Eartquakes Essays - Seismology, Earthquake Engineering, Free Essays

Eartquakes Essays - Seismology, Earthquake Engineering, Free Essays Eartquakes Tremors: Why They Occur And How To Prepare For Them A tremor is one of the most impressive cataclysmic events known to man. Quakes are incredible to such an extent that they can thump down structures and extensions just as change waterway courses and cause avalanches. With all the harm seismic tremors cause the best way to shield oneself from them is to be arranged and accomplished about them. Since they can't be anticipated one should consistently be set up for them. Severe construction standards in quake inclined zones likewise help to limit the property harm caused during a tremor. Seismic tremors since forever have caused a few a huge number of passings just as serious property harm. Seismic tremors are more unpredictable than one may might suspect they are. Seismic tremors frequently happen close to plate limits since that is the place the structural plates meet. As structural plates slide past one another they cause pressure on each other. Sooner or later there is such a great amount of strain on these stones that they simply snap. The unexpected break of these stones send vibrations out every which way. Not long after the primary vibration is conveyed a subsequent vibration is conveyed called the Consequential convulsion. People can likewise cause quakes from various perspectives. Infusing liquids into profound well for squander removal, filling stores with water, and terminating underground atomic test impact, In restricted conditions lead to seismic tremors. Every one of these exercises increment the strain inside the stone close to the area of the exercises. With the goal that stones slip and slide along prior faults(Microsoft Encarta 2000). Quakes can cause a great deal of harm. They are most grounded close to the focal point. The focal point is legitimately over the point that the earths outside snaps. The more distant from the focal point the more vulnerable the vibrations of the tremor are. That implies the zone near the focal point will get more harm and regions more remote from the focal point will get less harm. Just as good ways from the focal point the sort of zone a tremor happens in has impact on how much harm is caused. Immature nations appear to endure significantly more harm than a created nation. Immature nations have less exacting construction standards and are not set up for cataclysmic event just as created nations are. In immature nations tremors cause substantially more passings too. After seismic tremors conditions regularly lead to across the board ailment episodes. Harm to medical clinics, water flexibly lines, sewage lines, and absence of lodging all add to the far reaching of infection. Created n ations have similar issues however thier severe construction laws, crisis powers, and readiness appear to limit the harm and passing brought about by seismic tremors. Regardless of if an individual lives in created or immature nation seismic tremors despite everything cause harm. A tidal wave is presumably the impact of a tremor. A wave is a gathering of monster ocean waves that get greater and greater as they draw nearer to the coast that generally strike all of a sudden. As these monster ocean waves come slamming down on the coast they cause servere flooding that suffocates many individuals quickly and cause a great deal of property harm. Alongside flooding from torrents streams are frequently rerouted during serious quakes and flood entire town. After most serious seismic tremors there are fires. The most exceedingly terrible piece of flames after a seismic tremor is that generally broken gas mains cause the flames. In the event that the gas mains are broken for the most part the water mains are likewise broken so firemen make some hard memories discovering water to extinguish the flames. Another impact of a seismic tremor is avalanches. Avalanches are hazardous on the off chance that they happen in light of the fact that more often than not anything in the way of an avalanche is demolished. Seismic tremors are extremely hazardous for a couple of reasons. Most importantly they can't be anticipated and second they can't be halted. In the event that a seismic tremor happens everything that could possibly be done is endure it. That is the reason everybody must be set up for a seismic tremor. The primary thing that must be found out about a tremor is that they can happen whenever and wherever. Two methodology that must be done so as to get ready for a seismic tremor is make a quake pack and get ready ones home for a seismic tremor. The essential seismic tremor unit ought to incorporate food

The Best Books About Obsessive Friendship For Fans of Killing Eve

The Best Books About Obsessive Friendship For Fans of Killing Eve Ever since I saw the 1999 movie version of Patricia Highsmiths The Talented Mr. Ripley,  Ive had a weakness for stories about obsessive friendship. Whether in the Ripley novels, or films and books like All About Eve, Rebecca, and Strangers on a Train, it seems Im not alone in enjoying the tales of charming sociopaths and the vapid friends they become obsessed with. The recent hit TV series Killing Eve (based on Luke Jenningss Codename Villanelle) adds a crime procedural twist to the tale of obsessive friendship. As Tara Isabella Burton wrote in her essay Queer Friendship and the Psychological Thriller,  When it comes to psychological thrillers, the motif of an obsessive friendshipâ€"rooted in the unrequited love of a dangerous, queer-coded murdererâ€"is one of the foundational tropes of the genre. Burton, the author of the new thriller Social Creature, is one of many authors reimagining this classic plot line for the 21st century. Here are some of our favorite recent takes on the tale of obsessive friendship: Social Creature by Tara Isabella Burton Louise has nothing. Lavinia has everything. After a chance encounter, the two spiral into an intimate, intense, and possibly toxic friendship. A Talented Mr. Ripley for the digital age, this seductive story takes a classic tale of obsession and makes it irresistibly new. Tangerine by Christine Mangan The last person Alice Shipley expected to see since arriving in Tangier with her new husband was Lucy Mason. After the accident at Bennington, the two friendsâ€"once inseparable roommatesâ€"haven’t spoken in over a year. But there Lucy was, trying to make things right and return to their old rhythms. Then Alice’s husband, John, goes missing, and Alice starts to question everything around her. Paulina Fran by Rachel B. Glaser At their New England art school, Paulina and Fran both stand apart from the crowd. On a school trip to Norway, the girls are drawn together, each disarmed by the other’s charisma.  Though their bond is instant and powerful, it’s also wracked by complications. When Fran winds up dating one of Paulina’s ex-boyfriends, an incensed Paulina becomes determined to destroy the couple, creating a rift that will shape their lives well past the halcyon days of art school. The Last Mrs. Parrish by Liv Constantine Amber is tired of being a nobody. She deserves moreâ€"a life of money and power like the one blond-haired, blue-eyed goddess Daphne Parrish takes for granted. Amber uses Daphne’s compassion and caring to insinuate herself into the family’s lifeâ€"the first step in a meticulous scheme to undermine her. But a skeleton from her past may undermine everything that Amber has worked towards, and if it is discovered, her well-laid plan may fall to pieces. Give Me Your Hand by Megan Abbott (August) Kit has risen to the top of her profession and is on the brink of achieving everything she wanted. She hasn’t let anything stop her.  But now someone else is standing in her wayâ€"Diane. Best friends at seventeen, their shared ambition made them inseparable. Until the day Diane told Kit her secretâ€"the worst thing she’d ever done, the worst thing Kit could imagineâ€"and it blew their friendship apart.  Kit is still the only person who knows what Diane did. And now Diane knows something about Kit that could destroy everything she’s worked so hard for. Eileen by Ottessa Moshfegh The Christmas season offers little cheer for Eileen Dunlop, a young woman trapped between her role as her alcoholic father’s carer in his squalid home and her day job as a secretary at the boys prison.  When the beautiful, charismatic Rebecca Saint John arrives on the scene as the new counselor at the prison, Eileen is enchanted and unable to resist what appears to be a miraculously budding friendship. In a Hitchcockian twist, her affection for Rebecca ultimately pulls her into complicity in a crime that surpasses her wildest imaginings. Bonus: YA tales of obsessive friendship Genuine Fraud by E. Lockhart Imogen is a runaway heiress, an orphan, a cook, and a cheat.  Jule is a fighter, a social chameleon, and an athlete. An intense friendship. A disappearance. A murder, or maybe two.  A bad romance, or maybe three. Blunt objects, disguises, blood, and chocolate. The American dream, superheroes, spies, and villains. A girl who refuses to give people what they want from her.  A girl who refuses to be the person she once was. Beware That Girl by Teresa Toten Kate O’Brians life has been a series of setbacks she’s had to snake her way out ofâ€"but she’s determined to change that. She’s book smart. She’s street-smart. Oh, and she’s also a masterful liar. She befriends  mega-wealthy yet deeply damaged Olivia Sumner as part of her ruthless plan. But a new teacher becomes an increasing threat to their friendship, and maybe to the girls themselves. But perhaps not as much of a danger as the girls are to each other. Looking for more? Check out With Friends Like These, Who Needs (the word) Frenemies? Sign up to Unusual Suspects to receive news and recommendations for mystery/thriller readers.

Women Change the World - 1172 Words

I found two articles today that highlight how women can – and do – change the world. In Africa, there was a recent meeting of women who work in development to help spur gender equality throughout the continent and embed equality into development practices. Uganda has passed legislation stipulating that a third of the seats in parliament and local authorities should be occupied by women. Now, 29.8 percent of legislative seats are in female hands, according to the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU). â€Å"These milestones have promoted women’s visibility and voice in decision-making processes at all levels, which is the key tenet of democratic governance,† President Yoweri Museveni remarked when opening the meeting Meanwhile in Germany,†¦show more content†¦Practical steps of action taken as a result of what people learned that evening were: †¢ Buying products made by people released from trafficking – Over $1,500 was bought on the night, †¢ Donating to extend the work of NightLight in Bangkok where 75 women are employed and where a waiting list for employment exists – one person donated a month’s salary for a woman at NightLight, †¢ Signing up for more training on how to combat the commercial sex industry and reach those in it in LA, †¢ 11 new women joined the Women of Global Action: LA Chapter as a way to unite themselves with other women in their city who are concerned with justice issues impacting young women globally. Nathan George, founder of Trade as One commented: â€Å"The subject of exploiting the poor and vulnerable for the purposes of rape for profit is one of the most emotive subjects today, made all the more important because of the sheer scale of the industry. More people are trafficked today than in all of the 400 years of the transatlantic slave trade. 80% of them are women and children, and the majority are for the purposes of sexual exploitation. Combating a trade as large and powerful as this requires much wider general awareness not just of the issues but more specifically of tangible actions that can be taken by ordinary people to stop it. What WOGAShow MoreRelatedWomen Change the World1051 Words   |  5 PagesWomen change the world â€Å"A woman is like a tea bag- you never know how strong she is until she gets in hot water†, these were the well said words of former US first lady and leading feminist Eleanor Roosevelt. How many women do our lives comprise of, how many have we thanked. The daughters, the mothers,  the sisters, the fribblings – friends like siblings, the wives, the aunts, the nieces, the grand-some things, the young uns, the teens. The women in our  lives. Who love, lose, cry. Laugh, heal,Read MoreWomen Change the World1040 Words   |  5 PagesWomen change the world â€Å"A woman is like a tea bag- you never know how strong she is until she gets in hot water†, these were the well said words of former US first lady and leading feminist Eleanor Roosevelt. How many women do our lives comprise of, how many have we thanked. The daughters, the mothers,  the sisters, the fribblings – friends like siblings, the wives, the aunts, the nieces, the grand-some things, the young uns, the teens. The women in our  lives. Who love, lose, cry. 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They were not considered able to work outside the home. Women had a lower status than men in society. They were not even able to vote. During the first world war the women had to take over a lot of the mens jobs asRead MoreHow Women s Identity Is The World Goes Through Constant Economic, Cultural, Technological And Social Changes2091 Words   |  9 PagesThe world goes through constant economic, political, cultural, technological and social changes. Consequently, these changes affect the social subject: their habits, values, truths , and lifestyle. From a social pragmatic perspective of Discourse, this paper aims to observe how women’s identity is (re)constructed by the media. It deals with the concept of identity not as an essence or a fact of nature, but as a social construction compounded by diverse elements or attributes emerging from socialRead MoreA Time For Change . William G. Pollard, A Physicists, Had1509 Words   |  7 PagesA Time for Change William G. 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Indeed, if the delegate of the American Women s Trade Union League Congress, Mrs. Raymond Robins d eclared in 1917 that it was â€Å"the first hour in history for the women of the world† 1 onRead MoreY the Last Man1405 Words   |  6 Pagesparticularly interesting because if every male human and mammal were to die what would the world be? How would culture change not only in our country but also in every country across the world? Before reading this graphic novel I never would’ve thought about a scenario where every male dies in the whole world. But now that I have I’ll tell you how culture will change and how it will affect everyone across the world. Culture has many definitions but the one that regards to the kind of culture I willRead MoreWomen s Movements Across The Globe1512 Words   |  7 Pageswhich brought about major changes to the lives of many women in the United States, Canada and most other parts of the Western world. This is, because these movements opened women to professions and blue-collar jobs that previously had been reserved for men exclusively. The heyday of the women’s movement was in the late 1960s and early 1970s. In this essay, the struggle for change among women in the union movement will be examined. While treating this topic, the broad changes have taken place in workRead MoreHow did the perception of women change in WW2 Essay1670 Words   |  7 Pagesperception of women changed throughout the Second World War? World War Two (WW2) broke out in 1939 and would have great effect on the Australian Home Front. The impact was particularly felt by women and their role in society changed to a significant extent. These changes are clearly evident from many factors that took place during the course of the war although, the most significant changes were due to the introduction of women to the predominantly male orientated workforce, fashion change and restrictions

Should Athletes Be Paid - 4247 Words

Should College Athletes Be Paid George McCray Research and Writing Professor Pittell Strayer University Corruption, scandals, suspensions, firings and a systems that is systematically flawed all the while the fact of the matter is that the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) is a organization that is bringing in billions of dollars each year yet the labor force generating the money gets a scholarship that many athletes believe doesn’t pay enough for everything that is needed on campus so this leads the author to have to take a look at if athletes need to be paid. I will outline numerous problems that are going on in college athletics and possible solutions to problems. I will take a look at the scholarship itself†¦show more content†¦Of course, after the proposal came out college athletics directors and conference commissioners began protesting the new stipend by claiming of all things â€Å"they could not afford it†. Within a month, 125 of them had signed an override request. So the NCAA decided to cave on the idea. Some of the students who had alre ady signed that deal got to keep the $2000 stipend yet others who take money for a different type of deal, say with an overzealous booster for selling some of their team paraphernalia, as a few Ohio State players did violated the NCAA’s rules regarding amateurism and were hit with multi-game suspensions in addition to getting the coach Jim Trassell (see insert) fired. That is the second problem of the system that needs to be addressed. It all starts with money and the players see it and know it. They see that the NCAA’s college football and men’s basketball are huge commercial enterprises that generate more than 6 billion in annual revenue. That is more revenue than the National Basketball Association (NBA). People can see the television deals like the one signed with Turner Broadcasting and CBS sports to the tune of 14 years and 10.8 billion dollars for the rights to the men’s basketball championship aka March Madness. They play the college football game,(that uses their likeness), and basketball game that was stopped inShow MoreRelatedAthletes Should Not Be Paid1496 Words   |  6 PagesTitle Athletes suit up and perform on a daily and weekly basis. Week in and week out, athletes draw in thousands and thousands of fans to speculate the flashy performance. They give the best effort, putting themselves at risk, doing anything possible to insure a victory. Many hours of hard work are spent to perform the best they can. Through the dedication and performance of these athletes, speculations have aroused that athletes should begin to receive pay. Some people believe that colligate athletesRead MoreAthletes Should Not Be Paid1025 Words   |  5 Pagescombined with long hours invested by everyone involved with the Kentucky athletics program. College athletes should not be paid, because they are simply exchanging their talents for a free college education. Essentially they are already being paid because they get everything provided for them. The experience of a college athlete is similar to that of an internship with no expense to the athlete. They attend school at no cost, w hile simultaneously being afforded with the best accommodations atRead MoreAthletes Should Not Be Paid1494 Words   |  6 PagesAthletes suit up and perform on a daily and weekly basis. Week in and week out, athletes draw in thousands and thousands of fans to speculate the flashy performance. They give the best effort, putting themselves at risk, doing anything possible to insure a victory. Players spend hours of hard work and dedication to perform the best they can. Through the dedication and performance of these athletes, speculations have aroused that athletes should begin to receive pay. Some people believe that collegiateRead MoreAthletes Should Not Be Paid2161 Words   |  9 PagesProfessional athletes in the United States are given extremely substantial contracts and lucrative endorsement deals and it has been argued that their salaries should be reduced to smaller wages but others say they are paid accordingly. The argument that athletes are overpaid not only exists in th e United States but also all over the world. Most countries however do not have the variety of major sports that the U.S. has. When athletes are being paid millions of dollars each year, it raises anRead MoreAthletes Should Not Be Paid Than Athletes1131 Words   |  5 PagesProfessional athletes are making too much money in a society where salaries and wages are traditionally based on the value of ones work (Professional Athletes†). In today s society, one is not actually paid more based on the economic importance of their occupation. Instead, those involved in the entertainment industry get paid larger salaries than those shaping the future. In the 1996 basketball season, Michael Jordan made 170,000 dollars a day, whereas an average teacher will only collect 40Read MoreAthletes And Athletes Should Not Be Paid3056 Words   |  13 Pages Leagues such as the NFL, NBA, MLB, WNBA, and many more bring us entertainment on a daily bases, thanks to the athletes that strive everyda y by practicing as hard as they can so when game day comes they can perform for us. But what if these same athletes and other athletes that never made it to the professional level of sports focus and put for the same effort as they do for sports they love, to their academics while they were in school, could a better future be planned for them. As many know whenRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1578 Words   |  7 PagesAshay Mehta Nou Per 8 Should College Athletes Be Paid? One of the hottest debates in the sports industry is if college athletes should be paid. If you want to pay these athletes, how would the college determine the dollar amount that should be paid? Should the basketball team make more than the football team? Should the the soccer team be paid as well? Cheerleading? Chess team? Should everyone on the team get a salary? What if your college is good at football and your basketball team is awfulRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1239 Words   |  5 PagesLindsey Simmerman Speech 102 T/Th 1:00-2:15 October 25, 2016 Should college athletes be paid to play? Specific Purpose: To persuade the class to agree with my stance on paying college athletes to play sports Thesis: College football is the hours players spend practicing and performing, the number of injuries the players face, and the persona these athletes must portray every day all the while watching their schools, coaches, and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) get all the compensationRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1591 Words   |  7 PagesEducation Is Already Enough For College Athletes More and more it’s discussed daily on whether if college athletes should finally be paid, or remain unpaid, this topic is very important because college sports are very popular in the United States. College athletes should remain unpaid because it wouldn’t be fair to the other less watch sports that don’t bring in a lot of revenue, it wouldn’t be fair to the female athletes they wouldn’t be paid equally, college athletes already have advantages and receiveRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?968 Words   |  4 Pagesathletics is whether or not to pay student athletes for playing the sports that they do. Student athletes are given scholarships to cover most, or even potentially all, of their tuition and expenses in college, so it is not necessary to pay college athletes additional money. College athletes are not playing professional sports. They are students first, athletes second. College athletes should not be paid. Instead they should be compensated. Student athletes receive a large compensation in the form

Euler and Hamiltonian Circuits Free Essays

Euler and Hamiltonian Circuits As I type this sentence millions of students all over the country are in their math class either a) struggling to open their eyelids or b) tapping their fingers due to boredom and impatience. They have all failed to understand how the topic would later come of use. Although mathematics may seem to be â€Å"unnecessary† it teaches our brains to strategize, and think differently through the use of trial and error and problem solving. We will write a custom essay sample on Euler and Hamiltonian Circuits or any similar topic only for you Order Now Most individuals consider mathematics to be a dreadful topic, and can never really comprehend how it can be beneficial in our lives on a daily basis. Most of the time, they may seem to be correct. However, they are not. Most of the time, we are using its strategies without even acknowledging it. We use it for almost anything we do: currency, measurement, time, etc. Two examples of math we use on a regular basis are Euler and Hamiltonian Circuits. An Euler Circuit is a circuit that reaches each edge of a graph exactly once. (Malkevitch, 8) This theory is named after Leonhard Euler, an outstanding mathematician during the 18th century. Euler had been the first person to study this category of circuits. In addition, he was the creator of the theory of graphs, or graph theory. One of the many things he had found was that most graphs do not have an Euler circuit at all. Euler had also contributed to the field of mathematics in various ways. He was a very creative individual, establishing more than 500 works throughout his lifetime. Euler had been considered a prodigy because he was working with the most complex mathematical calculations under the very poor conditions he lived in, and proceeded to work with these problems until he had become totally blind. Malkevitch, 9) According to Professor Clark Kimberling, some of the other things Euler had discovered or had named after him in his honor are: e (the calculus number), a,b,c (the side lengths of a triangle), f(x) (for functional value), R and r (the circumradius and inradius of a triangle), sin x and cos x (values of sine and cosine functions), i (for the square root of -1), capital sigma (summation), and, lastly, capital delta (fini te difference). In 1736, Euler had come up with the idea of a graph when he held the ability to solve a problem in â€Å"recreational mathematics†. He had proven that it was not possible to go to a route visiting the seven bridges of the German town of Konigsberg only, and not more than, once. A Hamiltonian Circuit is a tour that begins at a vertex of a graph and visits each vertex exactly once, and then returns to where it had originated. (Malkevitch, 35) This theory is named after Sir William Rowan Hamilton, an Irish mathematician and astronomer, who lived from 1805 to 1865. Much like Euler, Hamilton was considered a prodigy except as a child. He had the ability to read four dialects (English, Hebrew, Greek, and Latin) by the time he reached the age of four. Additionally, he enjoyed writing poetry and was able to maintain close friendships with other well-known scholars such as Wordsworth and Coleridge. When he was just twenty-three years old, he became a Professor of Astronomy in Trinity College in Dublin, Ireland. (Bowen Larry) He received the privilege of having Hamiltonian Circuits named after him because he was one of the first to study it. However, the first to discover this concept was Thomas Kirkman, a British minister with a liking for mathematics, who lived from 1806 to 1895. These two concepts are significant to the field of mathematics because they are the appropriate devices for analyzing problems where it is necessary to visit each vertex or edge only once. People often associate Hamiltonian Circuits with Euler Circuits because they both prohibit reuse. Euler Circuits prohibits the reuse of edges whereas Hamiltonian Circuits do not allow the reuse of vertices. Both Euler and Hamiltonian circuits are extremely beneficial in our daily lives because they are classified under problems known as â€Å"routing problems†. According to Professor Larry Bowen, â€Å"routing problems† are problems whose solution attempts the most efficient way(s) of routing things among different destinations. These problems may appear in various areas such as: transportation, communications, and the delivery of services. Without our realization, we use Euler problems on a day-to-day basis specifically in management science. Anytime it is necessary for services to go through streets or roads the Euler Circuit theory can be more resourceful. To show more specific problems, Euler circuits can help an individual while they are salting icy roads, plowing snow, mowing grass along highways, collecting garbage, collecting debris or leaves from urban curbs, inspecting railroad tracks for flaws, or reading electric meters at private houses. (Malkevitch, 19) We use them to indicate where the arrows on the streets should be placed, and in what direction they should go in. In addition, we use them to construct the schedules for when parking is forbidden. Because parking-times are massive factors in street sweeping, it is essential find a circuit that visits streets when they are free of cars. Also, we use Euler circuits to distribute territory into multiple routes for street sweepers, parking officers, and sanitation workers. The objective is to find easy routes for them to travel by as well as taking traffic direction, number of lanes, parking-time restrictions, and divided routes into consideration. All of these examples are possible through management science, a field that most people would want to attain as a career in one day. (Malkevitch, Joseph) Just like Euler circuits problems, we essentially use Hamiltonian circuit problems on a daily basis as well specifically through the use of business efficiency. Hamiltonian circuits have many applications. The deliveries of mail and packages, or water meter inspections are done with the use of Hamiltonian circuit problems because it is necessary that they meet each vertex within a graph. Some examples of its regular uses are for inspecting traffic signals, for delivering mail to drop-off boxes, or for delivering Meals on Wheels to the elderly. (Malkevitch, 35) In addition, an individual can use a Hamiltonian Circuit when they plan on going on a vacation. They would construct a graph of all the places they would like to visit and figure the distances between all of the places, and essentially they would be able to figure out which is the best possible route to take as well as with the shortest distance. As shown in the examples above, Euler and Hamiltonian circuits have made advancements to their field because they give individuals assistance in transportation, communications, and delivery of services. They give all of the following areas the ability to come up with routes in a well-organized, efficient fashion. On a personal level, these types of circuits have interested me not only because of the history of the individuals who created them, but also because of what these circuits are used for on a daily basis. At first, when I had learned about the topic in class I was only focused on solely the arithmetic and formulas of the problems. Later, while researching into their uses, I was then aware of how they can be used in real-life situations. With a background of this information, if I ever wish to pursue a career in management science or business efficiency, I will have a general idea of how it works. Overall, these circuits can teach an individual how mathematics comes into play in real-life situations. Works Cited 1. Bowen, Larry, Dr. â€Å"Quick Summary. † Quick Summary. University of Alabama, n. . Web. 28 Nov. 2012. . 2. Malkevitch, Joseph. â€Å"Chapter 2: Business Efficiency. † For All Practical Purposes: Mathematical Literacy in Today’s World. 9th ed. New York: W. H. Freeman and, n. d. 35-57. Print. 3. Malkevitch, Joseph. â€Å"Chapter 1: Urban Services. † For All Practical Purposes: Mathematical Literacy in Today’s World. 9th ed. New York: W. H. F reeman and, n. d. 5-21. Print. 4. Kimberling, Clark. â€Å"Leonhard Euler. † LEONHARD EULER. University of Evansville, n. d. Web. 29 Nov. 2012. . 5. Bowen, Larry, Dr. â€Å"Introduction. † Introduction. University of Alabama, n. d. Web. 29 Nov. 2012. . How to cite Euler and Hamiltonian Circuits, Essay examples

Andrew Jackson hero/villain free essay sample

Andrew Jackson is a hero for leading the Tennessee Militia at the Battle at New Orleans and defeating the British. He made it the biggest battle of the War of 1 812, and became known as an American hero from then on out. Jacksons presidential election also helped him become more popular because he could relate to many Americans who were struggling with poverty, since he started from there and worked his way up to success. He being able to do that won him the election and, his presidency began very ell after he became the first president to pay off Americas national debt.Andrew Jackson is a villain for passing the Indian Removal Act in 1 830, allowing the Government to forcefully remove the Native Americans from Southern lands to Georgia. Jacksons reasoning for this was that it will separate them from the whites, free them from power of the states, let them pursue their own happiness, and help them become civilized. We will write a custom essay sample on Andrew Jackson hero/villain or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page His reasons did not make much sense to many because what if they were already happy here they were? What if they were already civilized?Jackson did not care. This changed a lot of peoples opinion of him especially because during the Worcester vs.. Georgia case, the Supreme Court gave the Cherokee their victory simply stating that they did exist, but Jackson ignored it. He immediately wanted to enforce the law and made federal troops force out all the remaining Cherokee people living in Georgia, with only their clothes on their back. They then started on what is now called the Trail of Tears, where our thousand Cherokee would die.Andrew Jackson deserves to be on the 20 dollar bill. Despite his one bad decision as president, hes made many more honorable choices that still give him all the rights to be. Jackson was a strong leader and a humble person, who unlike most presidents had to work for his success. Andrew Jackson was neither a hero nor a villain yet has rightfully earned for his face to be on the 20 dollar bill for now and forever.